TY - JOUR ID - 88746 TI - Multi-Period Efficiency Analysis with Flexible Measures: Oriented and Non-Oriented Approaches JO - Interdisciplinary Journal of Management Studies (Formerly known as Iranian Journal of Management Studies) JA - IJMS LA - en SN - AU - Jahani Sayyad Noveiri, Monireh AU - Kordrostami, Sohrab AU - Amirteimoori, Alireza AD - Department of Mathematics, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran AD - Department of Applied Mathematics, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran Y1 - 2023 PY - 2023 VL - 16 IS - 3 SP - 627 EP - 645 KW - Data Envelopment Analysis KW - Efficiency KW - flexible measures KW - multi-period systems DO - 10.22059/ijms.2022.339606.674988 N2 - In traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models, the relative efficiency of decision making units (DMUs) is usually evaluated in a particular period of time such that the status of each measure from the input or output viewpoint is certain. However, in many applications, the performance of organizations should be measured over multiple periods of time while the status of some factors called “flexible measures” from the perspective of input or output is uncertain. The purpose of this study is to propose approaches to evaluate the efficiency of the multi-period systems where flexible measures are presented. For this reason, oriented and non-oriented DEA-based approaches from the standpoints of individual DMU and aggregate efficiencies are rendered to measure the overall and period efficiency of multi-period systems with flexible measures. Also, efficiency changes between two periods are estimated using the Malmquist productivity index (MPI). A dataset is provided to validate the proposed approach. UR - https://ijms.ut.ac.ir/article_88746.html L1 - https://ijms.ut.ac.ir/article_88746_42c614244d48a85a5fec15f9990619a8.pdf ER -