University of Tehran Press Interdisciplinary Journal of Management Studies 2981-0795 12 3 2019 09 01 Market Adaptive Control Function Optimization in Continuous Cover Forest Management بهینه سازی مدیریت بازار – وابسته جنگلهایی با پوشش پیوسته 335 361 71443 10.22059/ijms.2019.267204.673348 EN Peter Lohmander Optimal Solutions in Cooperation with Linnaeus University, Umea, Sweden 0000-0003-2013-2580 Journal Article 2018 10 16 Economically optimal management of a continuous cover forest is considered here. Initially, there is a large number of trees of different sizes and the forest may contain several species. We want to optimize the harvest decisions over time, using continuous cover forestry, which is denoted by CCF. We maximize our objective function, the expected present value, with consideration of stochastic prices, timber quality variations and dynamically changing spatial competition. The problem is solved using an adaptive control function. The parameters of the control function are optimized via the first order optimum conditions based on a multivariate polynomial approximation of the objective function. The second order maximum conditions are investigated and used to determine relevant parameter ranges. The procedure is described and optimal results are derived for a general function multi-species CCF forest. Concrete examples from Germany, with beech, and from Sweden, with Norwegian spruce, are used to illustrate the methodology and typical numerical results. It is important to make market adapted harvest decisions. If the stochastic price variations are not considered when the harvest decisions are taken, the expected present value is reduced by 23%. https://ijms.ut.ac.ir/article_71443_93ece5243112587b598afe09d6fb956c.pdf