In the rapidly evolving landscape of startups, understanding the mechanisms that support entrepreneurial growth is crucial. This study examines the role of Technology Business Incubators (TBIs) in shaping startup ecosystem by exploring the relationships among access to resources, entrepreneurial perceptions, intentions, and development. It aims to understand how access to financing, networks, information, university support, and demographics influence perceived desirability and feasibility, which in turn affect entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurship development. Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from 10 units of CFTIs (IITs & NITs) in India and their linked TBIs and analyzed through PLS-SEM. The findings reveal that access to finance, networks, information, and demographics significantly influence entrepreneurial desirability and feasibility. Entrepreneurial intentions and TBIs emerge as strong predictors of entrepreneurship development. The study provides original insights by identifying the distinct yet complementary roles of incubators, proposing an integrative framework that advances theoretical understanding. It offers context-specific empirical evidence and delivers actionable implications for practitioners and policymakers to enhance innovation, improve incubation effectiveness, and strengthen resilient and inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystems.