The Effect of Business Strategy on Financial Reporting Quality of the Companies by Considering Managerial Overconfidence

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran

10.22059/ijms.2024.358492.675812

Abstract

The present study aims to investigate the impact of companies’ business strategies on financial reporting quality taking into account the effect of managers' overconfidence. The data of 140 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange for ten years, from 2013 to 2022, were collected based on the systematic deletion model, and hypotheses were tested using multivariate linear regression. The results revealed the type of strategy chosen by companies significantly affects the quality of financial reporting. Companies that pursue aggressive strategies demonstrate better financial reporting quality compared with defensive companies, which aligns with previous research results. Bermpei (2021) showed that companies’ operating policies significantly impact financial reporting. The results also revealed that managerial overconfidence has a significant adverse effect on financial reporting quality; it reduces the significant impact of business strategy on the quality of financial reporting. In companies with overconfident managers, the significant impact of business strategy on the financial reporting quality is decreased. The findings provide valuable insight into the importance of selecting an appropriate business strategy for enhancing companies' financial reporting quality, which should  be considered by professional authorities to strengthen the quality of financial reporting.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Almaleki, M., Salehi, M. & Moradi, M. (2021)., The relationship between narcissism, managerial overconfidence and comparability of financial statements of listed companies. Journal of Facilities Management, 19(5),681-700. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFM-01-2021-0002
Arianpoor, A. & Sahoor, Z. (2023). The impact of business strategy and annual report readability on financial reporting quality. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 17(3), 598-616.. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-10-2021-0439
Baccar, A., BenMohamed, E. and Bouri, A. (2013).  Managerial Optimism, Overconfidence and Board Characteristics: Toward a New Role of Corporate Governance. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 7(7), 287-301.
Barth, M.E., Landsman, W. R.  and Lang, M. H. (2008). "International Accounting Standards and Accounting Quality", Journal of Accounting Research, 46(3), pp. 467-498.
Bermpei, T., Kalyvas, A. N., Neri, L. et al. (2021). Does economic policy uncertainty matter for financial reporting quality? Evidence from the United States. Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 58(1), 705-845.
Brounen, D., Jong A. D. & Koedijk, K. (2019). Capital structure policies in Europe: Survey evidence. Journal of Banking & Finance, 30(5), 1409-1442.
Bushman, R., & Smith, A. (2001). Financial accounting information and corporate governance. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 31(1), 237-333.
Cooper, C. L., Cooper, R. D., & Enker, L. H. (1988). Living with Stress. Middlesex,  Uk: Penguin Books.
Dechow, P.M., & Dichev, I. (2002). The Quality of Accruals and Earnings: The Role of Accrual Estimation Errors. Accounting Review, 77(1), 35-59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2002.77.s-1.35
Dobija, D., Hryckiewicz, A.,  Zaman, M., & Puławska, K. (2022). Critical mass and voice: Board gender diversity and financial reporting quality. European Management Journal, 40(1). 29-44.
Francis, J., Lafond, R., Olsson, P., & Chipper, K. (2005). The market pricing of accruals quality. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 39(2), 295–327.
Golmohammadi Shuraki, M., Pourheidari, O., & Azizkhani, M. (2021). Accounting comparability, financial reporting quality and audit opinions: Evidence from Iran. Asian Review of Accounting, 29(1), 42-60. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARA-06-2020-0087
Habib, A., & Hasan. M. M. (2018). Business strategies and annual report readability. Accounting and Finance, 60(3), 2513-2547.
Higgins, D., Omer, T. C., & Phillips, J. D. (2015). The influence of a firm's business strategy on its tax aggressiveness. Contemporary Accounting Research, 32(2), 674-702.
Ittner, C., & Larcker, D. (1997). product development cycle time and organizational performance. Journal of Marketing Research, 34(1), 13-23.
Kaplan, R., Norton, D. (2005). Strategy map: Transforming intangible assets into tangible consequences (H. Akbari, M. Soltani, & A. Maleki, Trans.). Tehran: Asia Publications. (1st ed.)
Kargar, H., & Zanganeh, S. (2018).  The impact of business strategy on the relationship between risk taking and company value. Journal of Accounting and Management Vision, 3(1), 14-27. (In Persian)
Khajavi, S., Rezaei, G. (2012). Investigating the effects of earning management on the dividend policy of listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange. Quarterly Financial accounting. 4 (14), 27–50. (In Persian)
Lim, E. K.Y., Chalmers, K., & Hanlon, D. (2018). The influence of business strategy on annual report readability. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 37(1), 65-81.
Malmendier, U., & Tate, G. (2005). CEO overconfidence and corporate investment. Journal of Finance, 60(6), 661–700.
Marfou, M., & Shakeri, R. (2018). Business strategies and corporate financial performance. Journal of Empirical Research In Accounting, 8(3), 157-184. (In Persian)
Mousavi Shiri, M., Salehi, M., Abbasi, F. & Farhangdoust, S. (2018). Family ownership and financial reporting quality: Iranian evidence. Journal of Family Business Management, , 8(3), 339-356. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFBM-09-2017-0026
McDaniel, L., Martin, R. D. & Maines, L. A. (2002). Evaluating financial reporting quality: The effects of financial expertise vs. financial literacy. The Accounting Review,  77(1),  139–167.
Miles, R. E., & Snow, C. C. (1978). Organizational strategy, structure, and process. McGraw-Hill Book Co.
Porter, M. E. (1980). Competitive strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors. Free Press.
Rahmani, A., Gholami Gakieh, F., & Pakizeh, K. (2012). the impact of financial flexibility on investment ability and firm’s value enhancing. Journal of Accounting Advances, 63(3), 53-76. (In Persian)
Skala, D. (2008). Overconfidence in psychology and finance - An interdisciplinary literature review. Bank i Kredyt, 10(4), 33-50,
Snow, C. C., & Hambrick, D. C. (1980). Measuring organizational strategies: Some theoretical and methodological problems. The Academy of Management Review, 5(4), 527-538.
Safari Gerayli, M., Abdoli, M., Valiyan, H., & Damavandi, A. (2021). Managerial overconfidence and internal control weaknesses: Evidence from Iranian firms. Accounting Research Journal, 34(5), 475-487. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARJ-02-2020-0043 (In Persian)
Salehi, M., & Shirazi, M. (2016). Audit committee impact on the quality of financial reporting and disclosure: Evidence from the Tehran Stock Exchange. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-09-2015-0198
Seifzadeh, M., Salehi, M., Abedini, B., & Ranjbar, M. H. (2021). The relationship between management characteristics and financial statement readability. EuroMed Journal of Business, 16(1), 108-126. https://doi.org/10.1108/EMJB-12-2019-0146
Statman, M., Thorley, S., & Vorkink, K. (2006). Investor overconfidence and trading volume. The Review of Financial Studies, 19(4), 1531-1565.
Stewart, G. L., & Brown, K. G. (2009). Human resource management: Linking strategy to practice.  John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Tanani, M., & Mohebkhah, M. (2014). The relation of business strategy with earnings quality and stock return in firms listed on TSE. Journal of Empirical Research In Accounting, 4(3), 105- 127. (In Persian)
Verdi, R.  ( 2006). Financial reporting quality and investment efficiency (Doctoral dissertation). University of Pennsylvania.
Walker, Orville,  C., Boyd, H. W., Mullins, John, & Larreche, J. (2003). Marketing strategy: A decision focused approach (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill, Inc.
Wan, Z. (2004). Competitive strategy, competitive forces and business level performance in the US upholstered wood furniture industry (Doctoral dissertation).  Mississippi University.
Zaheri Bdehvand, S.,  Moghadam, A.  & Tamoradi, A. (2021).  The effect of CEO power on relationship between management transactions and financial reporting quality. Journal of Financial Accounting Research 13(1), 69-85. (In Persian)